Differences in Diagnostic Evaluation in Women and Men After Acute Ischemic Stroke.

TitleDifferences in Diagnostic Evaluation in Women and Men After Acute Ischemic Stroke.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2020
AuthorsBruce SS, Merkler AE, Bassi M, Chen ML, Omran SSalehi, Navi BB, Kamel H
JournalJ Am Heart Assoc
Volume9
Issue5
Paginatione015625
Date Published2020 Mar 03
ISSN2047-9980
Abstract

Background Sex differences have been found in stroke risk factors, incidence, treatment, and outcomes. There are conflicting data on whether diagnostic evaluation for stroke may differ between men and women. Methods and Results We performed a retrospective cohort study using inpatient and outpatient claims between 2008 and 2016 from a nationally representative 5% sample of Medicare beneficiaries. We included patients ≥65 years old and hospitalized with ischemic stroke, defined by () and diagnosis codes. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between female sex and the odds of diagnostic testing and specialist evaluation, adjusted for age, race, and number of Charlson comorbidities. Among 78 822 patients with acute ischemic stroke, 58.3% (95% CI, 57.9-58.6%) were women. Female sex was associated with decreased odds of intracranial vessel imaging (odds ratio [OR]: 0.94; 95% CI, 0.91-0.97), extracranial vessel imaging (OR: 0.89; 95% CI, 0.86-0.92), heart-rhythm monitoring (OR: 0.92; 95% CI, 0.87-0.98), echocardiography (OR: 0.92; 95% CI, 0.89-0.95), evaluation by a neurologist (OR: 0.94; 95% CI, 0.91-0.97), and evaluation by a vascular neurologist (OR: 0.94; 95% CI, 0.90-0.97), after adjustment for age, race, and comorbidities. These findings were unchanged in separate sensitivity analyses excluding patients who died during the index hospitalization or were discharged to hospice and excluding patients with atrial fibrillation diagnosed before their index stroke. Conclusions In a nationally representative cohort of Medicare beneficiaries, we found that women with acute ischemic stroke were less likely to be evaluated by stroke specialists and less likely to undergo standard diagnostic testing compared with men.

DOI10.1161/JAHA.119.015625
Alternate JournalJ Am Heart Assoc
PubMed ID32106749

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