Integrated PET-MRI for Glioma Surveillance: Perfusion-Metabolism Discordance Rate and Association With Molecular Profiling.

TitleIntegrated PET-MRI for Glioma Surveillance: Perfusion-Metabolism Discordance Rate and Association With Molecular Profiling.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2019
AuthorsSeligman L, Kovanlikaya I, Pisapia DJ, Naeger DM, Magge R, Fine HA, Chiang GC
JournalAJR Am J Roentgenol
Volume212
Issue4
Pagination883-891
Date Published2019 04
ISSN1546-3141
KeywordsAdult, Aged, Brain Neoplasms, Disease Progression, Female, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Glioma, Humans, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Multimodal Imaging, Neoplasm Grading, Positron-Emission Tomography, Radiopharmaceuticals, Retrospective Studies, Sensitivity and Specificity, Tumor Burden
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Both F-FDG PET and perfusion MRI are commonly used techniques for posttreatment glioma surveillance. Using integrated PET-MRI, we assessed the rate of discordance between simultaneously acquired FDG PET images and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) perfusion MR images and determined whether tumor genetics predicts discordance.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-one consecutive patients with high-grade gliomas (20 with grade IV gliomas and 21 with grade III gliomas) underwent a standardized tumor protocol performed using an integrated 3-T PET-MRI scanner. Quantitative measures of standardized uptake value, plasma volume, and permeability were obtained from segmented whole-tumor volumes of interest and targeted ROIs. ROC curve analysis and the Youden index were used to identify optimal cutoffs for FDG PET and DCE-MRI. Two-by-two contingency tables and percent agreement were used to assess accuracy and concordance. Twenty-six patients (63%) from the cohort underwent next-generation sequencing for tumor genetics.

RESULTS: The best-performing FDG PET and DCE-MRI cutoffs achieved sensitivities of 94% and 91%, respectively; specificities of 56% and 89%, respectively; and accuracies of 80% and 83%, respectively. FDG PET and DCE-MRI findings were discordant for 11 patients (27%), with DCE-MRI findings correct for six of these patients (55%). Tumor grade, tumor volume, bevacizumab exposure, and time since radiation predicted discordance between FDG PET and DCE-MRI findings, with an ROC AUC value of 0.78. Isocitrate dehydrogenase gene and receptor tyrosine kinase gene pathway mutations increased the ROC AUC value to 0.83.

CONCLUSION: FDG PET and DCE-MRI show comparable accuracy and sensitivity in identifying tumor progression. These modalities were shown to have discordant findings for more than a quarter of the patients assessed. Tumor genetics may contribute to perfusion-metabolism discordance, warranting further investigation.

DOI10.2214/AJR.18.20531
Alternate JournalAJR Am J Roentgenol
PubMed ID30779663
Grant ListUL1 TR000457 / TR / NCATS NIH HHS / United States

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